Wiki source code of Performance

Version 113.1 by Thomas Mortagne on 2021/09/15

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1 {{box cssClass="floatinginfobox" title="**Contents**"}}
2 {{toc/}}
3 {{/box}}
4
5 Here are some tips to increase XWiki's performance.
6
7 = Clustering =
8
9 If you need high availability or if the load on your XWiki instance is too high you can [[configure XWiki in a cluster>>Documentation.AdminGuide.Clustering.WebHome]] to spread the load.
10
11 = Standalone Solr =
12
13 By default XWiki use an embedded instance of Solr for ease of use, but if you struggle with very slow searches, you should try a external Solr instance.
14 You can use ##debug=true## in the URL of the search to see how much time is spent inside Solr to verify if Solr is taking a long time, or the issue is somewhere else, for example the XWiki UI.
15
16 See [[Performance Guide in Solr module documentation>>extensions:Extension.Solr Search API#HPerformances]].
17
18 = Slow random number generation on UNIX =
19
20 The library used for random number generation in Oracle's JVM relies on ##/dev/random## by default for UNIX platforms.
21
22 Although ##/dev/random## is more secure, it's possible to use ##/dev/urandom## if the default JVM configuration instead.
23
24 To determine if your operating system exhibits this behavior, try displaying a portion of the file from a shell prompt:
25
26 {{code language="bash"}}
27 head -n 1 /dev/random
28 {{/code}}
29
30 If the command returns immediately, you can use ##/dev/random## as the default generator for Oracle's JVM. If the command does not return immediately, use on of the following solutions to use ##/dev/urandom##:
31
32 == JVM setup ==
33
34 1. Open the ##$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/security/java.security## file in a text editor.
35 1. Change the line:
36 {{code language="properties"}} securerandom.source=file:/dev/random{{/code}}
37 to read:
38 {{code language="properties"}} securerandom.source=file:/dev/urandom{{/code}}
39 1. Save your change and exit the text editor.
40
41 == Command line parameter ==
42
43 The same effect can be obtained using ##-Djava.security.egd=file:/dev/./urandom## in the Java command line (usually in the application server configuration).
44
45 = Gzip compression and caching of static pages =
46
47 HTTP compression is a capability that can be built into web servers and web clients to improve transfer speed and bandwidth utilization. HTTP data is compressed before it is sent from the server: compliant browsers will announce what methods are supported to the server before downloading the correct format; browsers that do not support compliant compression method will download uncompressed data.
48
49 Many application servers (Tomcat, etc.) and HTTP proxies (Apache HTTPd, Nginx, etc.) support it.
50
51 == In Apache HTTP Server ==
52
53 The recommended solution is to set up an Apache Web Server in front of your servlet container and install/configure the following modules:
54
55 * [[mod-deflate>>http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.0/mod/mod_deflate.html]]
56 * [[mod-expires>>http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.0/mod/mod_expires.html]]
57 * [[mod-proxy-ajp>>http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_proxy_ajp.html]] (note that this depends on [[mod-proxy>>http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_proxy.html]] that you also need to install)
58
59 Modify your Apache configuration file to load the different modules:
60
61 {{code language="none"}}
62 LoadModule expires_module /usr/lib/apache2/modules/mod_expires.so
63 LoadModule deflate_module /usr/lib/apache2/modules/mod_deflate.so
64 LoadModule proxy_module /usr/lib/apache2/modules/mod_proxy.so
65 # Depends: proxy
66 LoadModule proxy_ajp_module /usr/lib/apache2/modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so
67 {{/code}}
68
69 //Alternatively you can run the following commands as root (sudo)//
70
71 {{code language="bash"}}
72 a2enmod deflate
73 a2enmod proxy_ajp
74 a2enmod expires
75 {{/code}}
76
77 and configure your different modules as described below:
78
79 === Mod Deflate Configuration ===
80
81 {{code language="none"}}
82 vwwwpro-1:~# cat /etc/apache2/conf.d/deflate
83 <Location />
84 # Insert filter
85 SetOutputFilter DEFLATE
86
87 # Netscape 4.x has some problems...
88 BrowserMatch ^Mozilla/4 gzip-only-text/html
89
90 # Netscape 4.06-4.08 have some more problems
91 BrowserMatch ^Mozilla/4.0[678] no-gzip
92
93 # MSIE masquerades as Netscape, but it is fine
94 # BrowserMatch bMSIE !no-gzip !gzip-only-text/html
95
96 # NOTE: Due to a bug in mod_setenvif up to Apache 2.0.48
97 # the above regex won't work. You can use the following
98 # workaround to get the desired effect:
99 BrowserMatch bMSI[E] !no-gzip !gzip-only-text/html
100
101 # Don't compress images
102 SetEnvIfNoCase Request_URI .(?:gif|jpe?g|png)$ no-gzip dont-vary
103
104 # Make sure proxies don't deliver the wrong content
105 #Header append Vary User-Agent env=!dont-vary
106 </Location>
107 {{/code}}
108
109 //On debian apache2 the config file for deflate is located under /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/deflate.conf//
110
111 === Mod Expire Configuration ===
112
113 {{code language="none"}}
114 vwwwpro-1:~# cat /etc/apache2/conf.d/expires
115 <Location /xwiki/skins/>
116 ExpiresActive on
117 ExpiresDefault "access plus 1 day"
118 </Location>
119
120 <Location /xwiki/bin/skin/>
121 ExpiresActive on
122 ExpiresDefault "access plus 1 day"
123 </Location>
124 {{/code}}
125
126 === Mod Proxy AJP Configuration ===
127
128 {{code language="none"}}
129 ProxyRequests Off
130 <Proxy *>
131 Order deny,allow
132 Allow from all
133 </Proxy>
134 ProxyPreserveHost On
135 ProxyPass /xwiki ajp://192.168.1.181:8009/xwiki
136 {{/code}}
137
138 where ##ajp:~/~/192.168.1.181:8009/xwiki## is the internal address of your Servlet container where XWiki is running.
139
140 If you use Tomcat(7) you need to enable the ajp connector in the /etc/tomcat7/server.xml. Comment out the following line with adding {{code}}<!-- -->{{/code}}. //Maybe give a comment why you did it.//
141
142 {{code}}
143 <!-- disable to use ajp connector instead
144 <Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
145 connectionTimeout="20000"
146 URIEncoding="UTF-8"
147 redirectPort="8443" />
148 -->
149 {{/code}}
150
151 Uncomment the following line by removing the {{code}}<!-- -->{{/code}} and add {{code}}URIEncoding="UTF-8"{{/code}} to it.Maybe give a comment too.
152
153 {{code}}
154 <!-- Activate ajp connector for apache proxy_ajp -->
155 <Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" URIEncoding="UTF-8"/>
156 {{/code}}
157
158 = Memory =
159
160 You need to configure your Servlet container so that XWiki has enough memory. You'll need to tune the value to your need. You should check the logs and see if there are any "out of memory" errors. Here are some good default values:
161
162 * Small and medium installs: A minimum of 1024MB (##-Xmx1024m)##
163 * Large installs: 2048MB or beyond (##-Xmx2048m).##
164
165 {{info}}
166 You should not increase the memory beyond what you need because increasing it means that there's more Objects in memory at any time and the automatic JVM Garbage Collector has to work harder to clean itself, which can results in performance degradation in XWiki (since a full GC will pause the application for a longer time).
167 {{/info}}
168
169 {{warning}}
170 If you use HSQLDB as the wiki database, be aware that the full content of the database is stored in memory and thus the memory requirements are higher. See [[HSQLDB installation page>>Documentation.AdminGuide.Installation.InstallationWAR.InstallationHSQL.WebHome]] for more details.
171 {{/warning}}
172
173 For your information here are the values used for the xwiki.org site:
174
175 {{code}}
176 CATALINA_OPTS="-server -Xms800m -Xmx1600m -Dfile.encoding=utf-8 -Djava.awt.headless=true -XX:+UseParallelGC -XX:MaxGCPauseMillis=100"
177 {{/code}}
178
179 = Sizing =
180
181 To give you an idea about what you need to run XWiki on, [[XWiki SAS>>https://xwiki.com]] has the following configuration for its cloud instances:
182
183 * 2GB of RAM (See [[XWiki memory needs>>#HMemory]]),
184 * 2 cores(((
185 {{code language="none"}}
186 AMD Opteron(tm) Processor 6386 SE
187 cpu MHz : 2800.000
188 cache size : 2048 KB
189 {{/code}}
190 )))
191 * 16GB disk size by default
192
193 = Database Indexes =
194
195 Make sure you've set [[Database indexes>>Documentation.AdminGuide.Performances.Database Administration.WebHome]]. This is especially important when you start having lots of documents.
196
197 = Large number of users =
198
199 When you have large number of users it's recommended to turn on implicit All Group, i.e. to consider that all users are members of XWiki.XWikiAllGroup by default in the configuration. This is achieved by editing the ##xwiki.cfg## file and setting:
200
201 {{code language="none"}}
202 xwiki.authentication.group.allgroupimplicit=1
203 {{/code}}
204
205 Then you should remove all the XObjects from the XWikiAllGroup page but you should keep the page since otherwise you won't be able to set permissions for this group. This will prevent XWiki from having to load all that page's XObjects representing the users (thousands of them if you have thousands of users).
206
207 Also make sure that the ##XWikiAllGroup## is listed in the ##xwiki.users.initialGroups## property (it's there by default if you haven't touched that property):
208
209 {{code language="none"}}
210 #-# List of groups that a new user should be added to by default after registering. Comma-separated list of group
211 #-# document names.
212 # xwiki.users.initialGroups=XWiki.XWikiAllGroup
213 {{/code}}
214
215 = Robots.txt =
216
217 If your wiki is open on the Internet, it'll be crawled by search robots (like GoogleBot, etc). They will call all the URLs and especially the ones that are resource hungry like exports (PDF/RTF). You need to protect against this. To do so configure a ##robots.txt## file and put it in your webserver configuration.
218
219 Some example:
220
221 {{code language="none"}}
222 User-agent: *
223 # Prevent bots from executing all actions except "view" since:
224 # 1) we don't want bots to execute stuff in the wiki!
225 # 2) we don't want bots to consume CPU and memory
226 # (for example to perform exports)
227 # Note: You may want to allow /download/ if you wish to have
228 # attachments indexed.
229 # Note2: Using * instead of /bin/ to also match path-based
230 # subwikis like "/xwiki/wiki/wikialias/view/Space/Page"
231 Disallow: /xwiki/*/viewattachrev/
232 Disallow: /xwiki/*/viewrev/
233 Disallow: /xwiki/*/pdf/
234 Disallow: /xwiki/*/tex/
235 Disallow: /xwiki/*/edit/
236 Disallow: /xwiki/*/create/
237 Disallow: /xwiki/*/inline/
238 Disallow: /xwiki/*/preview/
239 Disallow: /xwiki/*/save/
240 Disallow: /xwiki/*/saveandcontinue/
241 Disallow: /xwiki/*/rollback/
242 Disallow: /xwiki/*/deleteversions/
243 Disallow: /xwiki/*/cancel/
244 Disallow: /xwiki/*/delete/
245 Disallow: /xwiki/*/deletespace/
246 Disallow: /xwiki/*/undelete/
247 Disallow: /xwiki/*/reset/
248 Disallow: /xwiki/*/register/
249 Disallow: /xwiki/*/propupdate/
250 Disallow: /xwiki/*/propadd/
251 Disallow: /xwiki/*/propdisable/
252 Disallow: /xwiki/*/propenable/
253 Disallow: /xwiki/*/propdelete/
254 Disallow: /xwiki/*/objectadd/
255 Disallow: /xwiki/*/commentadd/
256 Disallow: /xwiki/*/commentsave/
257 Disallow: /xwiki/*/objectsync/
258 Disallow: /xwiki/*/objectremove/
259 Disallow: /xwiki/*/attach/
260 Disallow: /xwiki/*/upload/
261 Disallow: /xwiki/*/download/
262 Disallow: /xwiki/*/temp/
263 Disallow: /xwiki/*/downloadrev/
264 Disallow: /xwiki/*/dot/
265 Disallow: /xwiki/*/svg/
266 Disallow: /xwiki/*/delattachment/
267 Disallow: /xwiki/*/skin/
268 Disallow: /xwiki/*/jsx/
269 Disallow: /xwiki/*/ssx/
270 Disallow: /xwiki/*/login/
271 Disallow: /xwiki/*/loginsubmit/
272 Disallow: /xwiki/*/loginerror/
273 Disallow: /xwiki/*/logout/
274 Disallow: /xwiki/*/charting/
275 Disallow: /xwiki/*/lock/
276 Disallow: /xwiki/*/redirect/
277 Disallow: /xwiki/*/admin/
278 Disallow: /xwiki/*/export/
279 Disallow: /xwiki/*/import/
280 Disallow: /xwiki/*/get/
281 Disallow: /xwiki/*/distribution/
282 Disallow: /xwiki/*/imagecaptcha/
283 Disallow: /xwiki/*/unknown/
284 # Note: In addition, this matches both old /xwiki/bin/webjars/
285 # and new /xwiki/webjars paths.
286 Disallow: /xwiki/*/webjars/
287 # Don't index additional UI-related resources.
288 Disallow: /xwiki/resources/
289 # Don't index sandbox content since it's sample content
290 Disallow: /xwiki/*/view/Sandbox/
291 # Don't index Admin space since it contains Admin stuff.
292 # Note that the Admin space is protected by permissions
293 # anyway but this acts as a safety net to not have private
294 # info leaked on the internet ;)
295 Disallow: /xwiki/*/view/Admin/
296 # Don't index Stats data (just because it's not useful and
297 # those pages are a bit CPU intensive)
298 Disallow: /xwiki/*/view/Stats/
299 # Don't index Panels data (because we don't want it
300 # indexed on the internet)
301 Disallow: /xwiki/*/view/Panels/
302 # Don't index the search page.
303 Disallow: /xwiki/*/Main/Search
304 # Don't index the REST API.
305 Disallow: /xwiki/rest/
306 # These are just UI elements which can cause infinite loops in
307 # web crawlers. See https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XWIKI-16915
308 Disallow: /xwiki/*?*xpage=*
309 {{/code}}
310
311 Other example:
312
313 {{code}}
314 [...]
315 # It could be also useful to block certain spaces from crawling,
316 # especially if this spaces doesn't provide new content
317 Disallow: /xwiki/bin/view/Main/
318 Disallow: /xwiki/bin/view/XWiki/
319 # On the other hand you would like to have your recent (public) changes included
320 Allow: /xwiki/bin/view/Main/Dashboard
321 {{/code}}
322
323 **Note:**
324
325 For Tomcat6 the placement of the ##robots.txt## file should be within the //$TOMCAT/webapps/ROOT// folder and should have permission 644 applied.
326
327 {{code}}
328 -rw-r--r-- 1 root www 1478 Jan 8 15:52 robots.txt
329 {{/code}}
330
331 In order to test if the ##robots.txt## file is either accessable or working as desired use this [[checker>>http://www.frobee.com/robots-txt-check]].
332
333 = Statistics =
334
335 {{info}}
336 This is no longer true starting with XE 1.4M2 since statistics are now put on a queue and written in a different thread in the database in one go, thus reducing the overhead to a maximum.
337 {{/info}}
338
339 The statistics module is off by default since it's quite database intensive. If you don't need it you should turn it off.
340 The current recommendation is to use the [[Matomo extension>>extensions:Extension.Piwiki Integration]] for statistics instead.
341
342 = Document Cache =
343
344 You can tune the Document cache in the ##xwiki.cfg## configuration file. The value depends on how much memory you have. The higher the better (but of course it's not very usefull to allocate more than the total number of documents you have).
345
346 {{code language="none"}}
347 xwiki.store.cache.capacity=1000
348 {{/code}}
349
350 = Cache Macro =
351
352 It's possible to perform selective content caching by using the [[Cache Macro>>extensions:Extension.Cache Macro]].
353
354 = LESS CSS Performances =
355
356 [[LESS>>extensions:Extension.LESS Module]] is a preprocessor used to generate CSS files for skins and skin extensions. See the [[Performances section>>extensions:Extension.LESS Module#HPerformances]] of the LESS module documentation to learn more about how to optimize its cache for performances, and to set the appropriate number of simultaneous compilations your server can handle.
357
358 = Rendering cache =
359
360 Some pages are complex to render (they may aggregate outside data for example or do complex and slow queries). For theses pages you can use rendering cache.
361
362 == Configuration based ==
363
364 Pages can be cached (i.e. their rendered content cached) to speed up displaying. The configuration is done in ##xwiki.properties## with the following configuration options:
365
366 {{code language="none"}}
367 #-# [Since 2.4M1]
368 #-# Indicate if the rendering cache is enabled.
369 #-# Default value is false.
370 # core.renderingcache.enabled=true
371
372 #-# [Since 2.4M1]
373 #-# A list of Java regex patterns matching full documents reference.
374 # core.renderingcache.documents=wiki:Space\.Page
375 # core.renderingcache.documents=wiki:Space\..*
376
377 #-# [Since 2.4M1]
378 #-# The time (in seconds) after which data should be removed from the cache when not used.
379 #-# Default value is 300 (5 min).
380 # core.renderingcache.duration=300
381
382 #-# [Since 2.4M1]
383 #-# The size of the rendering cache. Not that it's not the number of cached documents but the number of cached results.
384 #-# (For a single document several cache entries are created, because each action, language and request query string
385 #-# produces a unique rendering result)
386 #-# Default value is 100.
387 # core.renderingcache.size=100
388 {{/code}}
389
390 You can force a page to refresh using ##refresh=1## in the URL.
391
392 Since 6.2 it's also possible to programmatically refresh any document cache using ##com.xpn.xwiki.internal.cache.rendering.RenderingCache## component:
393
394 {{code language="java"}}
395 @Inject
396 private RenderingCache renderingCache;
397
398 ...
399
400 renderingCache.flushWholeCache();
401 renderingCache.flushCache(new DocumentReference("xwiki", "MySpace", "MyCachedDocument"));
402 {{/code}}
403
404
405 = Merge the CSS files =
406
407 In order to reduce the number of requests and files that are downloaded from the browser or client, it could help to merge all XWiki CSS files into a single one. See the [[Merge CSS Script>>snippets:Extension.Merge CSS]].
408
409 = Set up NginX =
410
411 If you experience //__heavy loads__// on your wiki, you could try using NginX.
412
413 NginX is used to fetch static content: images, javascript, styles, etc, but it can also be used as a reverse-proxy to pass requests down to the web container (e.g. Tomcat on port 8080).
414
415 Unlike Apache, which instantiates a new process per every static file, NginX uses the same process to fetch all the static data, and thus gives you extra perfomance "for free".
416
417 For more info on setting up NginX check [[this guide>>Documentation.AdminGuide.Installation.NginX.WebHome]].
418
419 = Local resource access =
420
421 [[See URL API>>extensions:Extension.URL API#HResourcemodificationdate]].
422
423 = Backlinks =
424
425 While a pretty neat feature, keeping track of the backlinks has a medium impact on the document saving time and a minor impact on the document loading time. If you feel that your wiki does not need backlinks, you can safely disable them with the following line in ##xwiki.cfg##:
426
427 {{code language="none"}}
428 xwiki.backlinks=0
429 {{/code}}
430
431 = Versioning =
432
433 One of the key features of any wiki system, versioning greatly affects the database size and the document update time. If you are sure your wiki does not need to keep track of all the changes and you will never need to revert documents to a previous version, then you can add the following line in ##xwiki.cfg##:
434
435 {{code language="none"}}
436 xwiki.store.versioning=0
437 {{/code}}
438
439 = Custom Mapping =
440
441 In some cases you may not want to rely on XWiki's generic database schema for storing XClass data and instead you'd like to provide your own optimized table. For these use cases you can use [[Custom Mapping>>platform:DevGuide.CustomMapping]].
442
443 = LDAP =
444
445 == Disable LDAP sub groups search ==
446
447 By default when loading a LDAP group, each member is searched and loaded to figure out if it's a group or not (and then load the sub group members, etc). Since **7.2** If you know there is not sub group in your LDAP groups you can disable it and speed up quite a lot big groups handling using ##xwiki.authentication.ldap.group_sync_resolve_subgroups## property in ##xwiki.cfg## configuration file.
448
449 = Performance tree =
450
451 Since 7.1 it's possible to directly get a tree of time spent in each step of the request by using [[debug mode>>dev:Community.Debugging#HDebugmode]].
452
453 = Navigation Tree =
454
455 The Navigation Panel and other navigation trees can have some small performance issues under very high volumes. Here ares some base measures we did on some developer laptops to give you some ideas of the performance you should expect:
456
457 Measure set 1:
458
459 (% class="table-bordered" style="width:100%" %)
460 |=(% width="20%" %)DB|=(% width="10%" %)Levels|=(% width="10%" %)Spaces|=(% width="10%" %)Pages|=(% width="15%" %)Requests|=Time
461 |MySQL|5|6887|4049|31|180ms
462 |HSQLDB|5|6762|4063|27|138ms
463 |MySQL|1|2514|4962|27|331ms
464 |HSQLDB|1|2377|4718|21|**3.15s**
465
466 Measure set 2:
467
468 (% class="table-bordered" style="width:100%" %)
469 |=(% width="20%" %)DB|=(% width="10%" %)Levels|=(% width="10%" %)Spaces|=(% width="10%" %)Pages|=(% width="15%" %)Requests|=Time
470 |Oracle|5|6943|4106|20|119ms
471 |Oracle|1|2493|4982|20|153ms
472
473 Measure set 3:
474
475 (% class="table-bordered" style="width:100%" %)
476 |=(% width="20%" %)DB|=(% width="10%" %)Levels|=(% width="10%" %)Spaces|=(% width="10%" %)Pages|=(% width="15%" %)Requests|=Time
477 |Oracle|1|2485|4991|20|151ms
478 |PostgreSQL|1|2494|4991|20|125ms
479
480 Measure set 4 (XWiki 10.5, Intel i7 CPU, SSD Storage):
481
482 (% class="table-bordered" style="width:100%" %)
483 |=(% width="20%" %)DB|=(% width="10%" %)Levels|=(% width="10%" %)Spaces|=(% width="10%" %)Pages|=(% width="15%" %)Requests|=Time
484 |PostgreSQL 10|5|6847|4052|25|74ms
485
486 = Legacy =
487
488 == Monitor plugin ==
489
490 More a developer-oriented feature, XWiki can monitor its own code, reporting the time spent for each sub-component activated during a request. While the monitoring code isn't time consuming, it increases the memory consumption a bit, and the create/start/stop/log/destroy calls are spread all around the code, so you will save a lot of method calls by disabling this. You can do that by setting the following line in ##xwiki.cfg##:
491
492 {{code language="properties"}}
493 xwiki.monitor=0
494 {{/code}}
495
496 == 1.0 rendering cache using velocity in document content itself ==
497
498 You can add the following to their content to cache them after they are rendered. Note that the document is refreshed whenever the content of the document changes, and the cache takes into account the URL, so it is pretty safe to add a long cache duration for all documents that don't contain scripts gathering data from the wiki. For example to cache the rendered content for 60 seconds you would add:
499
500 {{code language="none"}}
501 $context.setCacheDuration(60)
502 {{/code}}
503
504 Since 1.5M2, you can set the default rendering cache duration for all pages in ##xwiki.cfg##:
505
506 {{code language="none"}}
507 ## cache all rendered documents for one hour
508 xwiki.rendering.defaultCacheDuration=3600
509 {{/code}}
510
511 Setting the default cache duration to a large value, and manually disabling the cache in dynamic pages would really speed up the wiki, since the rendering is one of the most time consuming processes.
512
513 == Wiki syntax features for XWiki Syntax 1.0 ==
514
515 If you're using XWiki Syntax 1.0 and if you don't plan to use all of the markup features, like the strikethrough filter, the automatic http links filter, the SVG, Laszlo or style macros, you can disable them in ##xwiki-core-*.jar/META-INF/services/com.xpn.xwiki.render.*##. The wiki rendering is the most costly operation in the rendering process, so any disabled feature counts.
516
517 Now this will have no effect if you're using another syntax, like XWiki Syntax 2.x.

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